Guide About Bad Sector, Disk problems and solutions

[KarinRiverside]

Hello Rise Online World Players!​

Explanation: Disks are made up of many units, called sectors, on which information is written. These volumes become unusable over time for some reason, resulting in either just data loss or a complete inoperability of the disk. The corrupted partition that occurs in the hard disks and causes the damaged unit of the disk to become permanently unusable is called the "Bad Sector".

Why Bad Sector Occurs?

Bad sectors are hardware errors, and contrary to popular belief, they cannot be fixed (but disabled) by any software. We can list the factors that cause the formation of bad sectors on the hard disk as follows;

•Extremely high operating temperature of the hard disk (more than 55 degrees is dangerous)
•Humid environment
•Age-related wear on hard disks
•Corrosion on the disc surface
•Dropping the disc while it is working, hitting something
•Distortions during disc production

Explanation 2: As you can see, Bad Sectors are formed as a result of physical events. In fact, every hard disk has a Bad Sector as a result of the way it was manufactured, and these numbers are listed under the name "Bad Track Table". The higher the quality of the production, the less the number of Bad Sectors formed during the production phase, but it will never be zero. So, does Bad Sector only occur with physical factors? In fact, the operating system can also cause the occurrence of Bad Sector. The operating system may cause Bad Sector formation due to an error called "Cross-Linking". Cross-Linking basically consists of overwriting a certain part of a file already on the hard disk with new information. These types of errors were mostly seen in the FAT file system and were largely fixed with the NTFS file system.

Two programs will be used for its solution, first let's introduce and explain them:

1) HD Tune: HD Tune, the hard disk health test tool that everyone knows, has many tests in it. Today we need the "Error Scan" page, where we will learn about the corrupted areas.
Click to go to HD Tune official website.

2) HDD Regenerator: This program will scan our disk and cover up any errors it finds. Because these errors cannot be repaired. This program only prevents data from being written to that sector, it covers it up.

Note: The Second Program works, but it requires a license. It is natural to ask for a license, but no one can guarantee that your hard drive will be repaired. That's why I'm not going to tell you to buy original here. So my advice to you, use crack first, if it really saves your hard drive, you can get your license if you want.

As for their solutions:

1) Seeing Defected Areas:
First of all, we need to learn the number and density of bad areas of our hard disk with the HD Tune program.

The underlined area you see in the picture is:

- We select the hard disk that has Bad Space to be scanned.

The underlined area you see in the picture is:

- Bad Field scan page. We will scan in this area.

The underlined area you see in the picture is:

- Area to enable Quick Scan feature. No ticks here. If there is a tick there, it will skip the corrupted ones with 90% probability while scanning the fields. Because it makes a superficial scan to finish fast, but we need to search all areas.

The button with blue lines next to it you see in the picture:

- Process start button. Press it when you are sure that you have selected the correct hard disk.

Note 2: The process will vary according to the capacity, lifetime and format of your hard disk.

When you're done, the results are:

• If it's lush, congratulations. There is no bad space on your disk, you can continue to use it.
• If there are few red areas: Don't worry, they can be taken care of.
• If there is a lot of bad space next to each other: Sorry, your hard drive is in such a bad state that it cannot be used.

2)

If the result is as in the image above: we will count those red areas. There are many bad areas from the first red dot to the last line. So how do we get out of this? What we need to do is format the disk. All we need is a notebook and a pen and basic math.

The formula for this is: We will say goodbye to the row where we see the first red area.

We will delete 12 rows from the bottom. So how will this happen?

There are 50 fields in each row and this is 190 MB. How many rows do we have? 12. How many fields are in each row? 50. How many mb is each space? 190. Something must have settled down now.
If not, the formula is as follows: "Area * Line * MB per field".
So: 50 * 12 * 0.190. This is the formula. And according to this process, we will throw away 114 GB of our 500 GB hard disk above. So how do we divide this space? How do we throw it away? Let me tell you right now.

From Start we search for "Disk Management" and open that program. Our disks will appear here. We will select and format our corrupted disk. The point we will pay attention to while formatting is that the bad areas that I showed in my example are at the very end of the disk. So if we set the new size as 465-114=351, 351 GB, we will get rid of that corrupted area and work in the clean area. Now you might be a little confused. We found 114 GB above. So where did the 465 come from? You know, our disk was 500 GB? Let me tell you right now.

Hard disk manufacturers calculate 1 GB = 1000 MB and produce accordingly, but our Microsoft calculates 1 GB = 1024 MB, this difference comes from there. A hard disk with 320 GB will be around 300 GB. It already says this GB in 'Disk Management'.

We removed the bad area from the hard disk. 351 GB remaining. When we format the disk, if we give the capacity as 351,000 instead of 465,000, logically it will not take the red areas at the end. Because, we calculated that area. They're spread out over 114GB and the tops are spotless.

In this way, we get rid of all corrupted areas and have a clean hard disk.

If the bad area is at the bottom, we will find how many GB the bad area is spread over and subtract it from the main capacity. So the remaining space will be our clean storage, but what if my hard drive has the above error?

Sample Picture:

For example, this picture, its corrupted areas are always on top. The bottom looks clean. Is this hard drive discarded? Of course it can't be thrown away, we can save that too.

What was the formula? They will all be multiplied by one another. I told you. There are 50 fields in each row and column. If we count the rows above; Up to the 8th column there is a bad area, after 9 it is clean. What are we gonna do? We will apply the formula. "9*50*0.190 = 85GB". If we leave 85 GB of free space on this device, if we do not format it, we leave all those corrupted spaces.

So, if we allocate 85 GB from the beginning, we can use the rest. Because there are no broken places in other areas.

When formatting the hard disk, we first need to leave 65 GB free. For this we will format the first 65000 MB of space, but we will not use it. Because this area is always broken. We will format this field as RAW, that is, "Hide". We will format the remaining 400 GB of space completely according to our wishes.

If the corrupted area is at the bottom, we simply subtract the space of our hard disk from the corrupted area and find the clean area and format it according to that size. If there is a damaged area at first, we format the damaged area we calculated as RAW, and format the remaining area as normal. What if it's in the middle? In the middle, you will do it again with the method we did at the beginning.

3) This method is a little simpler, you just need time. When we talk about it here, there are many different factors such as the number of bad areas, storage capacity, but there are users who take 10-20 hours for this process.
Now let's move on to the method. Download the 'HDD Regenerator' I told you to download. I leave you a link about the use of the program, you can read it there: https://www.hdtune.com/hdtune.html

FOR VIDEO ON SOLUTION OF BAD SECTOR AND DISK PROBLEMS:

Best regards.​